Hand pump for a hydraulic jack



May 24, 1955 H NILSQN ETAL HAND PUMP FOR A HYDRAULIC JACK 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Nov. 29, 1951 May 24, 1955 H. NlLsoN Er A l.

HAND PUMP FOR A HYDRAULIC JACK 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 29, 1951 United States Patent O 2,708,882 HAND PUMP FOR A HYDRAULIC JACK Harold Nilson, Wayzata, and John H. Phenning, Winona, assignors to Vulcan Manufacturing Co., Inc., Winona, Minn., a corporation of Minnesota Application November 29, 1951, Serial No. 258,780 8 Claims. (Cl. 10341) This invention relates to a hydraulic jack.

An important object of this invention is to provide a hydraulic jack including a body portion having a lifting plunger and a handle pivotally connected to the base of the body portion and serving to house a pump of a construction particularly adapting the pump for use in a hydraulic jack and for being contained in the handle of such a jack.

Another important object of this invention is to provide a pump having a piston and valves cooperating in a manner particularly adapting said pump for use in a hydraulic jack of the type indicated.

Other and further objects and features of this invention will become apparent from the following description and appended claims as illustrated by the accompanying drawings showing, by way of anl example, a 'acik according to the present invention. More particuar y:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of ya jack according to the present invention, in fully extended position;

Figure 2 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary side elevation, with parts shown in cross section along the line 2 2 of Figure 3;

Figure 3 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary cross sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2, the jack being viewed from a direction opposite the direction of the view in Figure l;

Figure 4 is an enlarged axial cross sectional view through the jack handle, with some parts shown in elevation and other parts broken off, and the position of the free end of the jack handle for releasing the jack from an elevated position being shown in broken lines;

Figure 5 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary axial cross sectional View `through a lower part of the jack handle showing the plunger or piston and valve structure in the position assumed at an up stroke of the piston, only the pump inlet valve being open;

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5 but showing the parts in the position assumed at a down stroke of the piston, only the pump outlet valve being open;

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 6 but showing the parts in the position assumed on further down stroke of the piston opening both pump valves;

Figure 8 is a cross sectional view taken along the line 8 8 of Figure 5, with parts being shown in elevation; f

Figure 9 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary axial cross sectional view through the jack handle, with parts broken off and other parts shown in elevation, illustrating that portion of the jack handle immediately below the parts shown in Figure 4 as broken olf; and

Figure 10 is a greatly enlarged axial cross sectional view through the free end of the jack handle, with parts shown in elevation.

In the drawings, and referring particularly to Figure l, there is shown a hydraulic jack including a body portion generally indicated at 10 and a handle generally ICC Patented May 24, 1955 indicated at 12 which has one end pivotally connected j to the base 14 of the body 10. As shown in greater detail end of a sleeve 18, wherein operates a lifting plunger generally indicated at 20. Another sleeve 22 may extend from the base 14 concentrically with and in spaced outside relation to the sleeve 18. An annular closure member 24 may be threaded over the outside of the upper end of the sleeve 18 and may have a rabbeted peripheral portion receiving the upper margin of the sleeve 22 for sealing off the space between the two sleeves 18 and 22 and to hold the two sleeves in assembled relationship. A conduit 26 formed in the base 14 and opening through the bottom of the socket 16 admits liquid under pressure into the bottom portion of Asleeve 18 for raising the plunger 20 by pressure exerted by the liquid on the bottom end face of the plunger 20 and thereby raising an object 28 under which the jack has been placed. When liquidis allowed to flow `out of the space within the sleeve 18 between the lower end face of the plunger 2i)l and the bottom of the socket 16, the plunger descends under the weight of the object 28.

As also shown in Figures l through 3, the plunger 20 may be made up of an outer tubular member 3i) slidably receiving an inner cylindrical member 32, which in turn has an elongated member 34 threaded into its upper end. On admission of lluid under pressure into the sleeve 18 below the plunger 20, the member 30 is raised (carrying with it the member 32) and thereafter the member 32 is raised. The member 34 can be adjusted by rotation to vary the elective height of the jack. The closure member 24 may include a packing gland 36 serving to prevent liquid leakage around the outside of the plunger member 30. An annular rubber gasket 38 of L-shaped cross sectional contiguration may be arranged about a central projection 4i) from the bottom end of the plunger member 32 and held in place by a nut 42 screwed onto the said projection, for preventing liquid leakage along the plunger member 32.

The lower end of the plunger member 30 may be threaded on the outside and a flange sleeve 44 may be screwed thereon which limits upward movement of the plunger member 30 by abutment of the sleeve against the closure member 24. A flange 46 may be formed at the lower end of the plunger member 32 for limiting upward movement of the latter by abutment against an inner shoulder 48 formed at the upper end of the plunger member 30.

The base 14 is formed at one side with an upstanding lug 50 havinga plane vertical face 52 extending radially with respect to the sleeve 22. The conduit 26 extends vertically through the lug 30 to about the middle thereof, where the conduit turns by about to open at about the middle of the face 52, the end portion of the conduit being counterbored as indicated at 54. A cylindrical member 56 is tixedly positioned in the horizontal portion of the conduit 26 in liquid-tight relationship to the conduit walls and projects outside the face 52. The projecting portion of the member 56 is formed with a peripheral groove 58, bearing surfaces 6i) on both sides of the groove and a terminal threaded portion 62. A conduit 64 within the member 56 opens at the inner end thereof and terminates in a blind end at about the outer end of the groove 58. Two transverse apertures 66 connect the end portion of the conduit 64 with the bottom of the groove 58.

The lower end of the handle 12 is formed with a plane side face 68 and a transverse aperture 70, so that this handle end can be pivotally connected to the base 14 by having the projecting portion of the member 56 extending through and projecting beyond the handle and aperture 70 with the two plane surfaces 52 and 68 in sliding, liquid-tight engagement. Outside the handle end, a nut 72 is screwed on the threaded portion 62 of the member 56 to hold the parts in assembled relationship.

The lower end ofi the handle 12 is solid except for a longitudinal conduit 73 opening into the aperture 70 opposite the groove 58 in the member 56 which otherwise lls the aperture 70 so as to prevent liquid flow around the member 56. Thus, the space below the plunger within the sleeve 18 is in communication with the conduit 73 through the conduit 26, the conduit 64, the apertures 66 and the groove 58, regardless of the angular position of the handle 12 with respect to the jack body 10. in the swinging or pivoting of the handle 12, the member 56 functions as a pivot pin, the walls of the handle aperture sliding over the bearing surfaces 60 of the member 56.

Referring now to Figures 2, 4, 9 and l0, a tubular member 74 which is expanded between its ends is screwed onto the solid lower end portion of the handle 12. A second, somewhat longer tube 76 of uniform cross section is threaded into the upper end of the tube 74. A third tube 78 having a closed upper end is slidable over the upper end portion of the tube 76. A rod 80 (serving r as a piston or plunger for a pump described hereinbelow) has an upper end portion screwed through a threaded aperture formed in the closed upper end wall of the tube 78. The tip of the rod 80 projects beyond the, said end wall of the tube 78 and has a nut 82 thereon. As a resuit, the rod 80 is rigidly fixed to the tube 78 for recip rocntiou therewith. At its upper end, the tube 76 has a centrally apertured partition 84 through which the rod S0 extends loosely. A collar 86 is afiixed to the rod 80 immediately below the partition 84 and serves to limit :A

the upward stroke of the rod 80. A rubber handle grip SS covers the upper end of the tube 78.

The pump, of which the rod 80 is a part, is located at the lower end of the tube 74 and is best illustrated in Figures 5 through 8. As also shown in Figure 2, the conduit 73 in the lower solid handle end portion is enlarged and threaded at its upper end. A pump body member is screwed into this upper end or" the conduit 73. The pump body 90 is continued axially upwardly by a nipple 92 screwed into the upper end of the pump body 90. A tube 94, also illustrated in Figures 4 and 9, extends through all but a lower constricted end portion of the nipple 92 and projects beyond the upper end of the nipple. The rod S0 is slidable through the tube 94 and the lower constricted end portion of the nipple 92 in liquid-tight relationship to both these structures. upper end of the tube 94 may extend within the tube 76 and may have a collar 96 loosely fitting the inside of the tube 76 for support by the latter. The pump body 90, as well as the tubes 92 and 94 are spaced from the handle tube 74, to define a reservoir for hydraulic liquid therebetween. The pump body 90 is formed with intersecting axial and transverse apertures therethrough defining a central pump chamber 98 at their intersection. More particularly, the pump body has an upper axial opening 100 aligned and concentric with the nipple 92, in which opening the rod 80 may be slidably received without liquid leakage, to project inside the pump chamber 9S upon extended downward movement. A transverse inlet passage 102 connects the pump chamber 98 with the above noted reservoir for hydraulic liquid. The inner end of the passage 102 is flared to define a seat 104 for a ball valve 106. Opposite the inner orifice of the passage 102 a threaded aperture aligned with the passage 102 receives a screw 108 having a central, inwardly opening recess receiving a spring 112 urging the ball valve 106 against its seat 104. An outlet passage 114 aligned with the opening 100 connects the pump chamber 98 with the conduit '.73 in the lower solid pump handle portion. The upper end of the outlet passage 114 is constricted, as indicated at 115, and a seat 116 is do- The ined at the lower end of this constriction for a ball valve 118. A spring 120 urges the ball valve 118 against its seat 116 being supported at its lower end by a stationary wire or rod 122 extending transversely through the outlet passage 114 and through appropriate apertures through the walls thereof below the threaded portion of the pump body 90 screwed into the lower solid portion of the pump handle. A small ball 124 having a diameter less than that of the restricted outlet portion is disposed therein.

The ball valve 106 has a diameter greater than the constricted outlet portion 115 and extends into the path oi" movement of the rod or piston or plunger 80 so as to be displaced from its seat 104 by the rod 80 on extended movement of the latter. The diameter of the small ball 124 and the length and width of the constricted outlet portion 115 are so proportioned that on such displacement of the ball valve 106, the latter will in turn move the small ball 124 downwardly in the constricted outlet portion 115 into forceful contact with the ball valve 118, thereby forcing the latter ball valve 113 off its seat 116. Thus, extended downward movement of the rod 80 will open a path for free liquid ow between the space below the plunger 20 in the sleeve 18 and the liquid reservoir defined between the pump body 90 and the lower handle tube 74.

The length of the downward stroke of the plunger 80 is limited to extend normally short of having the end of the rod 80 Contact the ball valve 106 by providing a threaded nipple 126 (see Figure l0) on the upper side of the partition 84 in the handle tube 76. At the end of the normal downward stroke of the rod S0 (when the tube 78 is manually moved downwardly over the tube 76, the grip 88 being grasped by the hand), the upper end wall of the tube 78 is contacted by a nipple 126. However, the end wall of the tube 78 is formed with a downwardly opening, internally threaded axial recess 128, into which on manual rotation of the tube 78 the nipple 126 is screwed, thus effecting further downward movement of the rod or piston 30 to displace the ball valve 106 from its seat 104.

The function of the jack is believed clear from the preceding description. It will be understood that when the handle grip 88 is grasped by the hand and the tube 78 reciprocated over the tube 76 axially thereof, upward stroke of the rod 80 will open the inlet passage 1.02 and close the outlet passage 115 of the pump, as shown in Figure 5. On downward stroke of the rod 80, the inlet passage 102 will be closed and the outlet passage 115 will be open, as shown in Figure 6. On still further downward movement of the rod 80, due to rotation of the handle grip 83 and entry of the nipple 126 into the recess 128, both the inlet and the outlet passages of the pump 90 will be opened, as shown in Figure 7, permitting outow of liquid from under the plunger 20.

The above noted reciprocation of the handle tube 78 can be carried out in any angular position of the jack handle 12, so that the jack can be conveniently operated even when placed in otherwise inaccessible locations.

Many details of construction may be varied within a wide range without departing from the purpose of this invention, and it is, therefore, not our purpose to limit the patent granted on this invention otherwise than necessitated by the scope of the appended claims.

We claim as our invention:

l. A pump comprising a body having an internal chamber, a piston reciprocable in said chamber, an outlet passage formed in said body in general axial alignment with said piston and constricted adjacently said chamber to provide a first valve seat on the outside of said restriction, a tirst ball valve adapted to seat on said first valve seat, resilient means biasing said first ball valve against said first valve seat, an inlet conduit formed in said body in general axial misalignment with said piston and flared at its inner end to provide a second valve seat extending in- 5 side said chamber adjacently the orice of said outlet passage, a second ball valve adapted to be seated on said second valve seat, resilient means biasing said second ball valve against said second valve seat, said second ball valve when seated on said second valve seat extending into the path of possible reciprocation of said piston and being movable olf said second valve seat toward the orice of said outlet passage by said piston on extended movement of said piston toward the orifice of said outlet passage, said second ball valve having a diameter greater than said constricted outlet passage portion, and a ball having a smaller diameter than the constricted portion of said outlet passage disposed therein, said ball and said constricted outlet portion having diameters and said constricted outlet portion having a length so proportioned that the diameter of said ball is smaller than that of said constricted outlet portion and substantially equal to the length of said constricted outlet portion whereby on said movement of said second ball valve by said piston oi said second valve seat toward the orifice of said outlet passage, said second ball valve will displace said ball outwardly through said constricted outlet passage portion to displace said rst ball valve from said rst valve seat.

2. A pump according to claim 1 comprising manually operable means for reciprocating said piston and adjustable means for varying the stroke length of said piston to eifect, according to the position of said adjustable means, either piston reciprocation short of piston contact with said second ball valve, or else extended piston movement effecting said movement of said second ball valve off said second valve seat.

3. A pump means for the piston and cylinder motor of a hydraulic jack, said pump means comprising a tubular handle adapted to be pivotally connected to said body and cylinder motor, a pump according to claim 1 housed in said handle, the body of said pump and the wall of said handle being spaced at the level of the inlet conduit of said pump body to provide a reservoir for hydraulic liquid, and the lower end of said tubular handle being closed except for a single conduit adapted to communicate with said piston and cylinder motor.

4. A pump means for the piston and cylinder motor of a hydraulic jack, said pump means comprising a tubular handle adapted to be pivotally connected to said piston and cylinder motor, a pump according to claim 2 housed in said handle, the body of said pump and the wall of said handle being spaced at the level of the inlet conduit of said pump body to provide a reservoir for hydraulic liquid, and the lower end of said tubular handle being closed except for a single conduit adapted to communicate with said piston and cylinder motor.

5. A pump means for the piston and cylinder motor of a hydraulic jack, said pump means comprising a tubular handle adapted to be pivotally connected to said piston and cylinder motor, a pump according to claim 1 housed in said handle, the body of said pump and the wall of said handle being spaced at the level of the inlet conduit of said pump body to provide a reservoir for hydraulic liquid, the lower end of said tubular handle being closed except for a single conduit adapted to communicate with said piston and cylinder motor, the piston of said pump means including a portion extending axially within said tubular handle and projecting beyond the end of said handle for permitting manual reciprocation thereof.

6. A pump means for the piston and cylinder motor of a hydraulic jack according to claim 5 comprising a tubular member slidable over the free end of the said tubular handle and rigidly connected to the said pump piston portion projecting beyond the handle end, whereby manual reciprocation of said tubular member will eiect reciprocation of said pump piston.

7. A pump means for the piston and cylinder motor of a hydraulic jack according to claim 6 in which said slidable tubular member is formed with a stop abutting the end of the tubular handle at the end of a downstroke of said pump piston short of piston contact with said second ball valve, said handle further comprising manually adjustable means for selectively permitting further downward movement of said piston effecting said movement of said second ball valve of said second valve seat.

8. A pump means for the piston and cylinder motor of a hydraulic jack according to claim 7 in which said stop comprises a member extending transversely across the inside of said slidable tubular member and formed with an axial threaded aperture therein, the end of said handle being formed with an axial threaded projection adapted to be threaded into said threaded aperture to bring about said further downward piston movement.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,139,263 Erickson et al. May 11, 1915 1,524,159 Sunderman Jan. 27, 1925 1,665,633 McDonell Apr. 10, 1928 1,991,453 Giovannoni Feb. 19, 1935 2,359,060 Strom Sept. 26, 1944 2,550,163 Phenning Apr. 24, 1951 2,556,481 Nilson .Tune 12, 1951 

